煙草在線據(jù)RIA Novosti報(bào)道編譯　　5月2日，接受Prime新聞社調(diào)查的煙酒行業(yè)的重要人物說，俄羅斯總統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)助手阿卡迪·德沃科維奇所提倡的酒類產(chǎn)品與煙草消費(fèi)稅的快速上提，可能會(huì)使俄羅斯的假冒與替代產(chǎn)品增加。

　　在5月2日接受俄羅斯新聞社的一次采訪中，阿卡迪·德沃科維奇要求將酒類產(chǎn)品與煙草消費(fèi)稅提高到超出計(jì)劃的水平。

　　不過，業(yè)內(nèi)人士說，這個(gè)提議是不明智的。

　　酒類產(chǎn)品制造商聯(lián)合會(huì)主席Dmitry Dobrov說，消費(fèi)稅只有在市場(chǎng)上沒有假冒酒類產(chǎn)品和替代品時(shí)才應(yīng)該被提高。

　　他說：“消費(fèi)者購買力并沒有發(fā)生根本性的變化。如果大幅度地提高消費(fèi)稅，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致價(jià)格大漲，那購買商品的人就可以選擇：要么購買合法但非常昂貴的產(chǎn)品，要么購買非法但便宜的產(chǎn)品?！?/p>

　　他說，合法酒類產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格越高，貿(mào)易商通過生產(chǎn)和銷售非法酒類產(chǎn)品獲得的錢就越多。

　　聯(lián)邦與地區(qū)酒類產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)研究中心主任Vadim Drobiz也持這樣的觀點(diǎn)。

　　他說：“甚至現(xiàn)在的相對(duì)于最低平均工資而言，要比一些歐洲國(guó)家高的酒類產(chǎn)品價(jià)格水平，也是造成市場(chǎng)上出現(xiàn)50%假冒產(chǎn)品的原因，而在過去兩至三年時(shí)間里，消費(fèi)稅的上提已經(jīng)使這個(gè)數(shù)字增加到了63%。”他還補(bǔ)充說，消費(fèi)稅上提將會(huì)使假冒與替代酒類產(chǎn)品的比例在2014年時(shí)增加到75%。

　　Drobiz說，俄羅斯政府應(yīng)該將創(chuàng)造烈性酒類產(chǎn)品的替代產(chǎn)品，最好是創(chuàng)造葡萄酒和低酒精含量的飲料替代品作為優(yōu)先考慮的事情。

　　俄羅斯煙草新聞社領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人Maksim Korolyov說，俄羅斯市場(chǎng)上的假冒卷煙所占的份額目前還小，但如果政府不能使煙草消費(fèi)稅與由俄羅斯、白俄羅斯和哈薩克斯坦組成的關(guān)稅聯(lián)盟成員國(guó)保持一致的話，這種情況可能會(huì)發(fā)生變化。

　　他說：“當(dāng)白俄羅斯的卷煙在俄羅斯邊境地區(qū)出售時(shí)，我們就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)跡象?！彼a(bǔ)充說，在俄羅斯，一包過濾嘴卷煙的平均售價(jià)最低為20盧布，而相比之下，在白俄羅斯的售價(jià)為3至4盧布。

　　日本煙草國(guó)際公司在俄羅斯的公關(guān)董事Anatoly Vereshchagin也附和他的看法。Anatoly Vereshchagin說：“如今，俄羅斯與關(guān)稅聯(lián)盟的成員國(guó)之間的煙草價(jià)格水平已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了相當(dāng)大的不平衡?！?/p>

　　“最后，隨著消費(fèi)稅負(fù)擔(dān)的進(jìn)一步增加，以及在俄羅斯制造的卷煙的可購買性降低，俄羅斯消費(fèi)者對(duì)白俄羅斯和哈薩克斯坦工廠制造的較便宜產(chǎn)品的需求只會(huì)增長(zhǎng)?！?/p>

Russian Excise Duty Hikes to Spur Contraband - Business

　　The rapid rise in alcohol and tobacco excise duties advocated by Russian presidential economic aide Arkady Dvorkovich is likely to increase the number of fake and surrogate products in Russia, alcohol and tobacco business figures polled by Prime news agency said on Wednesday.

　　In an interview with RIA Novosti on Wednesday, Dvorkovich called for increased alcohol and tobacco excise duties above the planned level.

　　Industry figures said, however, that the proposal was inexpedient.

　　Union of Alcohol Producers chairman Dmitry Dobrov said excise duties should be raised only when the market was free of fake alcohol products and surrogates.

　　"Consumer purchasing power has not changed radically. With a sharp growth in excise duties and, as a result, sharp growth in prices, the buyer will have an alternative: either to buy legal but very expensive or illegal and cheap products," he said.

　　The higher the price of legal alcohol, the more money dealers will get from production and sale of illegal alcohol, he said.

　　His opinion was shared by Center of Federal and Regional Alcohol Market Studies director Vadim Drobiz.

　　"Even the existing level of alcohol prices, which is higher than in some European countries relative to minimum average wages, was the cause for up to 50 percent of fake products on the market, while the growth of excise duties in the past two to three years has pushed this figure up to 63 percent," he said, adding the excise duty hikes would increase the proportion of fake and surrogate alcohol to 75 percent in 2014.

　　Drobiz said the Russian government should prioritize creating an alternative to strong alcoholic drinks by preferences to wine and low alcoholic beverages.

　　Maksim Korolyov, head of the Russian Tobacco news agency, said the share of fake tobacco on the Russian market was small at present, but this could change if the government failed to harmonize tobacco excise duties with member countries of the Customs Union comprising Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan.

　　"We can already see the first signs when Belarusian cigarettes are sold in Russian border regions," he said, adding that an average filtered cigarette pack cost a minimum of 20 rubles in Russia compared with 3-4 rubles in Belarus.

　　He was echoed by Anatoly Vereshchagin, Japan Tobacco International's communications director in Russia. "Already today there is a considerable imbalance between tobacco price levels in Russia and the Customs Union countries."

　　"Eventually, with the further increase in the excise duty burden and the lower affordability of cigarettes produced in Russia, the demand of Russian consumers for cheaper products made by Belarusian and Kazakh factories will only grow."