煙草在線據(jù)法新社-法新社報(bào)道編譯　　一個(gè)開支監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)于12月13日周四在一份報(bào)告中警告說，法國(guó)的戒煙努力已經(jīng)徹底失敗，只有持續(xù)提高價(jià)格才能抑制該國(guó)對(duì)Gauloises和Gitanes品牌的熱愛。

　　“公眾仍大大低估了吸煙的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，”Didier Migaud說。他是審計(jì)政府開支機(jī)構(gòu)法國(guó)審計(jì)院的第一任院長(zhǎng)。

　　“一年有73000人死亡，相當(dāng)于一天死200人，這是迄今為止在法國(guó)可避免死亡的最大原因?！?/p>

　　這家監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的報(bào)告回顧了自1991年首次引入要求酒吧、咖啡館和餐館提供無煙區(qū)規(guī)定以來禁煙措施的影響。

　　禁止在所有封閉公共空間吸煙的更嚴(yán)格的法律，于2007年生效，但并沒有達(dá)到期望的影響。

　　在2000年和2005年之間，吸煙者的人數(shù)從34.7%下降到31.4%，但是到2010年再次上升到33.7%，在女性、年輕的和經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的人中，上升趨勢(shì)最強(qiáng)。

　　Migaud把法國(guó)的情況與英國(guó)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，結(jié)果很不利，在英國(guó)，在過去10年中，人們吸煙的比例已從30%降至20%，多虧了旨在幫助人們戒煙和嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行限制煙草銷售，尤其是向未成年人銷售的教育項(xiàng)目。

　　“在這里，一個(gè)煙草商可能一個(gè)世紀(jì)接受一次檢查，”Migaud說。

　　他還援引政府援助該國(guó)的卷煙亭——旨在減少銷售額下降對(duì)他們沖擊的事實(shí)，自2004年以來，平均每年花費(fèi)3億歐元，是花費(fèi)在預(yù)防措施上費(fèi)用的三倍。

　　報(bào)告總結(jié)道，政府應(yīng)該充分提高價(jià)格，以實(shí)現(xiàn)消費(fèi)的持久下降，并應(yīng)該迫使生產(chǎn)者轉(zhuǎn)向無品牌的包裝并禁止煙商公開展示卷煙。

　　與此同時(shí)，資源應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)向教育方面，幫助那些想戒煙的人并更好地執(zhí)行現(xiàn)有的限制煙草銷售的措施。

France Told to Hike Prices to Stub out Smoking

　　France's efforts to stub out smoking have been a complete failure, a spending watchdog said Thursday in a damning report that warned only sustained price hikes will curb the country's love affair with Gauloises and Gitanes.

　　"The risks of smoking are still gravely underestimated by the public," said Didier Migaud, the first president of the Cour de Comptes, the body that audits government spending.

　　"With 73,000 deaths a year, the equivalent of 200 a day, it is by far the biggest cause of avoidable death in France."

　　The watchdog's report reviewed the impact of anti-smoking measures since 1991, when legislation was first introduced requiring bars, cafes and restaurants to provide smoke-free areas.

　　A tougher law, banning smoking in all enclosed public spaces, came into force in 2007, but has not had the hoped-for impact.

　　The number of smokers fell from 34.7 percent to 31.4 percent between 2000 and 2005 but rose again to 33.7 percent by 2010, with the upward trend strongest among women, the young and people in economic difficulty.

　　Migaud compared the situation in France unfavourably to Britain, where the percentage of people smoking has fallen from 30 percent to 20 percent in the last decade, thanks to education, programmes designed to help people quit and strict enforcement of restrictions on sales of tobacco, notably to minors.

　　"Here a tobacconist is likely to be subjected to checks once a century," Migaud said.

　　He also lamented the fact that government aid to the nation's cigarette kiosks -- intended to cushion them against falling sales -- had averaged 300 million euros per year since 2004, three times the amount spent on prevention measures.

　　The report concludes that the government should increase prices sufficiently to achieve a lasting fall in consumption, force producers to switch to brand-free packaging and ban cigarettes from public display in tobacconists.

　　At the same time, resources should be shifted towards education, help for people who want to quit and better enforcement of existing restrictions on sales. Enditem