煙草在線據(jù)法新社報(bào)道編譯

2010年，菲律賓一名女子在塔比拉蘭的一家市場(chǎng)賣魚。

去年，馬尼拉的公共汽車終點(diǎn)站發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)禁止吸煙標(biāo)識(shí)。

　　菲律賓政府煙草部門的一名官員說，菲律賓發(fā)起了一項(xiàng)推動(dòng)煙草的新活動(dòng)——不是推動(dòng)用于吸煙的煙草，而是用于魚類養(yǎng)殖。

　　菲律賓國(guó)家煙草管理局的Rex Teoxon說，6個(gè)月后，北部濱海省份拉烏尼翁的大約400名漁民將利用“煙塵”殺死捕食魚類的軟體動(dòng)物和其他食肉動(dòng)物。

　　菲律賓國(guó)家煙草管理局企業(yè)企劃部的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人Teoxon說：“我們準(zhǔn)備就利用煙塵的可持續(xù)發(fā)展水文化，對(duì)漁民和整個(gè)社區(qū)進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)?！?/p>

　　這項(xiàng)舉措是面對(duì)全球反吸煙活動(dòng)的浪潮，尋找煙草的替代性用途的行動(dòng)的組成部分。

　　Teoxon說，由粉碎和加工后的廢煙葉做成的煙塵，是漁民們一直使用，但“已經(jīng)被禁止很久的高毒性化學(xué)物質(zhì)”的安全替代品。

　　他說，測(cè)試發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于活性成分尼古丁在兩三天內(nèi)就會(huì)蒸發(fā)掉，因此，煙塵能殺死食肉動(dòng)物，但對(duì)漁場(chǎng)里養(yǎng)殖的魚類不會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。

　　此外，他補(bǔ)充說，它有助于給水域施肥，促進(jìn)養(yǎng)殖魚類所食用的水藻的生長(zhǎng)。

　　這位煙草管理局的官員說，煙塵還可以免費(fèi)提供給漁民，但如果被證明有效的話，還可以對(duì)它進(jìn)行商業(yè)化營(yíng)銷。

　　過去，菲律賓國(guó)家煙草管理局對(duì)使用煙種作為人類食物和動(dòng)物食物進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)，它還推動(dòng)將煙梗用于造紙和顆粒板。

　　盡管菲律賓政府對(duì)吸煙和卷煙廣告實(shí)施了嚴(yán)格的控制，但煙草業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)和成千上萬人的生計(jì)方面仍然起著重要的作用。

　　Teoxon說，政府的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，在2010年，多達(dá)290萬人依靠煙草業(yè)為生，其中包括68萬農(nóng)民和他們的家庭成員。

Philippines pushes tobacco - for fish farming

AFP

　　A woman sells fish in a market in 2010 in Tagbilaran in the Philippines.

　　A no smoking sign is seen at a bus terminal in Manila last year.

　　The Philippines has launched a new campaign promoting tobacco -- not for smoking but for fish farming, a government tobacco agency official said Thursday.

　　Over six months, about 400 fish-farmers in the northern coastal province of La Union will be using "tobacco dust" to kill mollusks and other predators that prey on fish, said Rex Teoxon of the National Tobacco Administration.

　　"We are going to train the fisher folk and the whole community on sustainable aqua culture using the tobacco dust," said Teoxon, head of the agency's corporate planning department.

　　The drive is part of an effort to find alternative uses for the crop in the face of the global anti-smoking campaign.

　　The dust, made of pulverised and processed waste tobacco leaves, is a safer alternative to the "long-banned, highly-toxic chemicals" that the fish farmers have been using, Teoxon said.

　　Tests have found the tobacco dust kills the predators but does not affect the fish raised in the farms, with the active ingredient nicotine evaporating in two to three days, he said.

　　Additionally, it helps fertilise the waters, promoting the growth of algae that the farmed fish feed upon, he added.

　　The tobacco dust will be provided free to the fish-farmers but if proved to be effective, it will be marketed commercially, said the tobacco official.

　　In the past, the agency has experimented with using tobacco seeds for human and animal food and it still promotes the use of tobacco stalks for paper and particle boards.

　　Although the Philippine government has imposed strict controls on smoking and cigarette advertising, the tobacco industry still plays a huge part in the economy and the livelihood of thousands.

　　Teoxon said that a government survey found that in 2010, as many as 2.9 million people were dependent on the tobacco industry including 680,000 farmers and their family members.